How Crises Shape Circles of Solidarity: Evidence From the COVID-19 Pandemic in Italy
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
2-2024
Abstract
How has the COVID-19 pandemic affected boundaries of solidarity? Human-induced crises that impose asymmetric costs tend to sharpen pre-existing divides, but natural disasters often strengthen solidarity. The pandemic possesses properties of both kinds of crisis. In a panel survey conducted in Northern Italy, the initial epicenter of the pandemic, we asked respondents to complete conjoint tasks querying who was likely to violate health guidelines (wave 1) and who should be prioritized for vaccine distribution (wave 2). We find that while discrimination towards the rich is nearly universal, bias against other outgroups depends on ideology and personal experience with the crisis. Leftwing individuals display discrimination towards partisan outgroups, while those on the right display ethnic bias. However, this effect is conditional: those who suffered a significant income loss but no health effects display heightened discrimination, while respondents who experienced COVID-19 as a personal health crisis are less likely to penalize outgroups.
Original Publication Citation
Ferwerda, J., Magni, G., Hooghe, L., & Marks, G. (2023). How Crises Shape Circles of Solidarity: Evidence From the COVID-19 Pandemic in Italy. Comparative Political Studies, 57(2), 356-381. https://doi.org/10.1177/00104140231169028
Digital Commons @ LMU & LLS Citation
Ferwerda, Jeremy; Magni, Gabriele; Hooghe, Liesbet; and Marks, Gary, "How Crises Shape Circles of Solidarity: Evidence From the COVID-19 Pandemic in Italy" (2024). Political Science and International Relations Faculty Works. 297.
https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/poli_fac/297
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